Question paper leak is very old phenomenon in India. Way back in 1961, SSC Examination Paper Leak was reported in Gujarat. Of course, the by-words for the western Indian state today are BJP and Narendra Modi; in 1961 - it was a Congress bastion.
Here is another sample:
Question paper leak was reported from Rajasthan (under Congress) in 2009, RPSC Paper Leak 2013, Librarian Recruitment (RSMSSB) 2018-2019, Junior Engineer (Civil Degree) Recruitment 2020 and some more.
There were multiple instances of paper leak in
Punjab, Himachal Pradesh,
Haryana, Uttarakhand, Maharashtra,
Kerala, Jharkhand and also states such as West Bengal under Mamata Banerjee.
In Kerala, the Plus Two (Higher Secondary) Model Examination saw paper leak in 2024 when CPI-M was in power.
In late November and December 2025, a major examination scandal hit Nagaland involving the leakage of question papers for four subjects (English, Social Science, Science, and Alternative English) during the Nagaland Board of School Education (NBSE) Class 9 Phase-II final examinations.
The leak originated from PM Shri Government High School in Burma Camp, Dimapur. This was a double-engine sarkar/dispensation and also a province where there is 'no opposition'.
When Rahul Gandhi's Congress was in power; there were ten major leakage.
2014 CBSE Class 12 Physics 2
2013 SSC CGL 3 2012 AIIMS Post-Graduate Medical Entrance Exam
2011 Life Insurance Corporation of India recruitment exams
2011 AIEEE
2011 AIIMS entrance leak (Ravi Atri case)
2010 Indian Navy Lower Division Clerk (LDC) Exam
2010 RRB Assistant Loco Pilot & Assistant Station Master Exam
2008 RRB Assistant Loco Pilot (ALP) Exam
and 2007 Clerk Grade Examination of a nationalised bank.
In an interview with the blogger, Lt Gen Abhay Krishna (retd), ex GoC in Eastern Command, Central Command and South West Command; says
The stringent law ... now that has come only handles one part of the problem. Punishment and judicial process. But what about the prevailing greed in the society?"
Paper leaks were a recurring problem under Congress, UPA or other opposition parties.
They were handled case-by-case through cancellations,
re-exams and police/CBI probes.
There were no dedicated central law or agency.
Through this whole period there was no dedicated central anti-paper-leak statute and no unified national testing agency.
Many safeguards commonly taken for granted today either did not exist nationally or were far less standardized.
There was, ● No dedicated national examination agency.
● No central anti-paper leak law.
● CCTV coverage was not uniformly mandated across all centres.
● AI-based monitoring was absent.
● Aadhaar/eKYC verification was not part of examination processes.
● No AI-powered facial matching.
● No nationwide deployment of 5G/mobile signal jammers.
● Identity verification relied mainly on admit cards, photographs, signatures and manual checks.
In contrast:
Under the Prime Minister Narendra Modi Govt, the response has focused
on swift intervention,
accountability and systemic reforms.
Major breaches have been met with cancellation or re-examination where necessary,
CBI investigations,
arrests extending to the paper-setting chain, and the enactment of the Public Examinations (Prevention of Unfair Means) Act, 2024, India's first dedicated law against paper leaks have been brought in.
***
The handling of NEET-UG 2026, in which the examination was cancelled within days, over 22 lakh candidates were re-examined under enhanced security, and those responsible were arrested.
Govt says, this reflected a crystal clear policy of zero tolerance towards examination fraud.
"The emphasis has shifted from merely responding to isolated incidents to creating a stronger legal and institutional framework to protect students and restore confidence in public examinations," is a new refrain.
The new law against paper leak requires every state and Union Territory (UT) to designate Special Fast Track Courts to try offences under the Act.
Trial must be completed within three months from the date the chargesheet is filed.
The central government may refer the investigation of offences to any central investigating agency.
In addition to that, the new Bill empowers the central government to constitute a special task force to investigate offences. It also adds a two-month timeline for completing the investigation.
The law also debars a service provider engaging in unfair means for four years, from being assigned any responsibility for conducting a public examination.
The new changes now seek to enhance the debarment period to eight years.
Over the past 12 years, India has not only accelerated economic growth but also expanded opportunities for young people across education, employment, skills, entrepreneurship, innovation and sports. The Government’s approach has been to enable young Indians to become job seekers, job creators, innovators and contributors to India’s growing global presence.
ends
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